TeXipedia

pod

Indicates congruence modulo a number in number theory and abstract algebra, showing when two values have the same remainder upon division.

Overview

Serves as a specialized notation in mathematical contexts where modular arithmetic and number-theoretic relationships need to be expressed clearly.

  • Common in cryptography and computer science for expressing modular relationships
  • Used in abstract algebra for discussing equivalence classes and quotient rings
  • Particularly useful when working with cyclic groups and periodic behaviors
  • Often appears in proofs and theorems related to divisibility and number properties

Examples

Expressing a polynomial congruence relation modulo a prime number.

x2+2x+1(5)x^2 + 2x + 1 \pod{5}
x^2 + 2x + 1 \pod{5}

Showing equivalence of quadratic residues.

x2(p)x^2 \pod{p}
x^2 \pod{p}

Representing a system of linear congruences in number theory.

3x+2y(7)3x + 2y \pod{7}
3x + 2y \pod{7}